Vomiting occurs when your dog forcefully ejects the contents of the stomach or the upper intestine. A vomiting dog may show abdominal heaving and nausea.

Dog vomiting can happen for several reasons. It could be that your dog ate more than they could handle, ate too fast, or ingested too much grass.

Sometimes the cause could be more serious. Your dog could have swallowed something toxic, or it may be a sign of a serious illness, which could require a visit to the vet.

It is important to know the difference between an isolated case of vomiting and chronic vomiting.

You should also be able to distinguish between your dog vomiting and regurgitating. Dogs mostly regurgitate soon after eating, and it’s a mostly passive process — the dog simply lowers their head, and food comes up without active abdominal contractions like when vomiting. The food expelled during regurgitation is usually undigested and without bile. However, vomit is partially digested and contains some bile. Your dog will almost always try to eat regurgitated food.

dog vomits

Why Is My Dog Throwing Up?

Knowing the root cause of your dog’s vomiting is essential for finding the best solution. Here are some possible causes of a sudden or acute episode of vomiting:

Intestinal parasites
Bacterial infections (gastrointestinal tract)
Ingestion of toxic substances
Diet change
Food intolerances
Bloat
Foreign substances in the gastrointestinal system (toys, garbage)
Viral infections
Heatstroke
Acute kidney failure
Pancreatitis
Acute liver failure
Certain medications
Intestinal inflammation
Intestinal obstruction
Constipation
Cancer
Kidney failure
Liver failure
Parvovirus
Colitis
Uterine infection

Why is my dog throwing up frequently?

Frequent vomiting can be a sign of a serious medical condition. Watch for symptoms like these:

Abdominal pain
Weakness
Vomit with blood in it
Depression
Weight loss
Dehydration
Fever

If your dog is vomiting up food and also has any of these symptoms, take them to the vet.

If your dog vomits but continues eating with normal bowel movements, it might just be an isolated incident. However, if your dog is vomiting and not eating, you should check with your vet to rule out serious conditions.

Vomiting in Puppies

Vomiting in dogs can be potentially serious, but a puppy vomiting should always be treated as a potential emergency. After six weeks, puppies lose the immunity provided by their mothers. As young puppies are just beginning to receive vaccinations, they are at an increased risk of contracting serious diseases such as parvovirus or parasites. If your puppy is vomiting, don’t wait to see if it resolves on its own. Call your vet.

Diagnosing Vomits in Dogs

Determining the cause of a dog’s vomiting typically involves several steps. Your vet will inquire about your dog’s access to garbage, poisons, and toxins, any recent dietary changes, and whether your dog is exhibiting any other symptoms.

The vet will then conduct a physical examination. If deemed necessary, they may perform additional tests, such as blood work, ultrasounds, X-rays, endoscopic evaluations, biopsies, and urine tests.

Treatment for Dog Vomiting

The treatment for a dog’s vomiting can vary depending on the severity and cause of the condition. Your dog’s overall health may also influence the type of treatment.

When to Take Your Dog to the Vet

Detecting symptoms early is important, so monitor your dog closely. If your dog vomits more than once in a day, without a break, or for more than 24 hours, it is advisable to see a vet. A dog throwing up mucus occasionally might not be a cause for concern. However, if your dog frequently vomits mucus, you should take them to the vet. You should also seek veterinary care if your dog is very young or very old, or if they have other illnesses.

How the vet will determine whether your dog is sick

Your vet will first examine your dog. Then, based on what you tell them and what they learn from the examination, they may decide to conduct some tests, such as:

Blood tests
Fecal tests
Ultrasound
Biopsy
Radiographs
Endoscopy

In some cases, your vet may also have to perform exploratory surgery. After determining what is making your dog sick, the vet can suggest the best treatment.

How the vet will treat dog vomiting

Your vet may prescribe antibiotics if the vomiting results from an infection. Other medications may include antiemetics, which are used to control vomiting. In other cases, the dog may need fluid therapy. Surgery can be recommended in serious cases.

If the vet rules out underlying concerns, treatment can be as simple as a diet change. The vet may advise you to feed your dog some home-cooked food like skinless chicken, boiled potatoes, and rice. These can be good short-term options for a dog with an upset stomach but are not nutritionally complete for long-term care. Take care of your dog as you would a sick child. Do not feed your dog raw food, which can contain germs like salmonella.

Be sure to follow your vet’s recommendations to keep your dog safe and healthy.

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